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Constitution

1. Name 

The organisation shall be called the Institute of Professional Willwriters and in Scotland the Institute of Scottish Professional Willwriters. Hereinafter referred to as "the Institute".


2 Objects 

The objects of the Institute shall be:

a. To make representation to Government on legislative matters which affect Members of the Institute and their clients.
b. To promote the importance of making a Will to the general public.
c. To promote the Institute and the services of its Members.
d. To ensure that the services provided by its Members are delivered professionally ethically and competently.


3. Membership

a. Membership is available to individuals who have submitted an application form satisfactorily completed to the Council.

i. Applicants must be able to provide a satisfactory Disclosure & Barring Service certificate where available, dated no longer than 3 months prior to the date of their application; or else provide the necessary documentation and fees to enable the Institute to obtain a certificate on their behalf; or provide written evidence to the satisfaction of the Institute that a satisfactory  Disclosure and Barring Service certificate disclosure has been obtained by another body recognised by the Institute as being of repute and good standing. The Institute may require a further Disclosure & Barring Service certificate or the necessary documentation and fees to enable the Institute to obtain a certificate on behalf of either an applicant or a Member.

ii. 
Membership will not be available to any individual who, had they already been a member, would have been deemed to have resigned by a change in their status in Relation to Section 4 (Resignation) of this Constitution.

iii. Election to Membership shall be at the sole discretion of the Council.

iv. A Member is obliged to inform the Council immediately of any change in their status that occurs in relation to Section 4 (Resignation) of this Constitution.

b. The following levels of Membership are available:

i. Full Membership is available to individuals who have passed the Institute's entrance examination (or have passed an examination agreed by the Council as being of a similar standard to that of the Institute's entrance examination and satisfy the Council that they have written Wills of a satisfactory standard on a regular basis within the three years immediately preceding their application for Full Membership). Full Members must meet the requirements of Continuing Professional Development set out by the Council from time to time. Full Members are required to arrange and retain Professional Indemnity Insurance approved by the Council throughout their Membership. Any person engaged in giving advice or taking instructions on behalf of a Full Member must be an Associate Member.

ii. Student Membership is available to individuals who have not met the criteria for Full Membership. Student Members shall be entitled to sit the Entrance Examination on one occasion during the Membership year, without paying the examination fee. Student Members shall not process Wills or take client instructions without Professional Indemnity Insurance approved by the Council. Student Membership can be renewed only once.

iii. Fellow Membership is available by invitation of the Council to individuals who:

 1. meet the criteria for Full membership and; 
 2. have been a Full Member for at least two years and; 
 3. have been providing Will writing and/or related services for at least 5 years and; 
 4. have a satisfactory claims record and; 
 5. have not had any complaints upheld under the Code of Practice and; 
 6. have a satisfactory payments record with the IPW and its associated businesses and; 
 7. have a satisfactory CPD record.

iv. Affiliate Membership is available to individuals who have passed the Institute's entrance examination (or have passed an examination agreed by the Council as being of a similar standard to that of the Institute's entrance examination and satisfy the Council that they have written Wills of a satisfactory standard on a regular basis within the three years immediately preceding their application) or can satisfy the Council that they have written Wills of a satisfactory standard on a regular basis for a period of at least five years immediately preceding their application for Affiliate membership. Affiliate Members must meet the requirements of Continuing Professional Development set out by the Council from time to time. Affiliate Members are required to arrange and retain Professional Indemnity Insurance approved by the Council throughout their membership. Affiliate Members must make available to their customers a complaints procedure which provides the customer with access to independent arbitration and are not required to comply with Rule 7 of the Constitution.

v. Sponsored Membership is available to individuals who have passed the appropriate examination and whose documents are prepared by a Full Member or Fellow Member of the Institute. Sponsored Members must meet the requirements of Continued Professional Development set out by the Council from time to time. Sponsored Members are required to arrange and retain Professional Indemnity Insurance approved by the Council throughout their Membership. Any person engaged in giving advice or taking instructions on behalf of a Sponsored Member must be an Associate Member.

vi.  Associate Membership is available to individuals who are giving advice to clients and/or taking instructions on behalf of and under the supervision of a Full, Fellow, Affiliate or Sponsored Member and on behalf of the trading name of the Full, Fellow, Affiliate or Sponsored Member and will lapse after three months unless the individual has passed the appropriate examination. Associate Members must meet the requirements for Continuing Professional Development set out by the Council from time to time. Associate Members must be contracted to the Full Fellow, Affiliate or Sponsored Member who shall ensure that their work is covered by Professional Indemnity Insurance approved by the Council and by a contract that meets the approval of the Council.

vii. Retired Membership is available to individuals who are deemed to have resigned under rule 4b(xii) and/or who are no longer providing any service that was declared and covered by Professional Indemnity Insurance immediately prior to their cessation and were a Full, Fellow, Affiliate or Sponsored Member immediately prior to their cessation and retain Professional Indemnity Insurance approved by the Council for business transacted prior to their cessation. Retired Membership is also available to principals, partners or directors of businesses which employed a person as previously described. Retired Membership will be available only to individuals who have made arrangements for the custody and accessibility of client files and original client documents to the satisfaction of the Council.

c. 
All Members shall conduct themselves and their business with integrity, objectivity and courtesy and shall not bring the name of the Institute into disrepute or make disparaging statements, expressed or implied about another Member.

d.  Any Member who is not an Affiliate Member, and who undertakes activities covered by the Code for a business which is not an Institute member business, must advise the Institute's Council prior to that arrangement starting and shall satisfy the Institute’s Council that any activities of that other business that are covered by the Code shall comply with the principles of the Code and shall not bring the Institute into disrepute.

4. Resignation

a. A Member shall cease to be a Member if they give written notice to the Council of their resignation.

b. A Member shall be deemed to have resigned if:

i. their subscription or other debt to the Institute is more than three months in arrears; or

ii. they have not paid the premium for Professional Indemnity Insurance arranged by the Institute by the dates set by the Council or they have not produced when requested, within 28 days of that request, evidence of Professional Indemnity Insurance satisfactory to the Council; or

iii. they have not provided a Disclosure & Barring Service certificate satisfactory to the Council; or

iv. they have not completed the required level of Continuing Professional Development; or

v. a complaint about their business to the Advertising Standards Authority is upheld and is endorsed by the Council; or

vi. they fail to provide services at fees in accordance with the Fair Pricing Policy set out by the Council from time to time; or

vii. they fail to comply with the requirements of the Data Protection Act 2018; or

viii. they have been convicted of any criminal offence involving fraud, dishonesty, deception or violence or other indictable offence (as defined by The Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005) or has such a conviction for which the rehabilitation period has not expired or is registered on the Sex Offenders Register; or

ix. they are declared bankrupt; or are disqualified from being a Director; or

x. a registered medical practitioner gives a written opinion stating that the Member has become physically or mentally incapable of managing their financial affairs or a court makes an order which wholly or partly prevents a Member from personally exercising any powers or rights in respect of their financial affairs for all levels of Membership except Retired Membership. Retired Membership will be available (or will continue to be available) under the direction of an attorney or a person appointed by the courts; or

xi. they become barred from Membership of another professional organisation; or

xii. they fail to comply with the outcome of a hearing by the Institute's Disciplinary and Sanctions Panel.

 
5. Termination or suspension of Membership and other sanctions

a. Where and allegation has been made that:

i. the Member has failed to comply with this Constitution or the Code of Practice and the Council considers the nature of the alleged non-compliance could be damaging to the Institute; or

ii. in the opinion of the Council the Member by their actions (or lack of them) does, or could, bring the Institute into disrepute; or

iii. the Member has failed to comply with any reasonable request from the Council or the Institute's Alternative Dispute Resolution Service (IPWADR), then:

the Council will request a hearing of the Institute's Disciplinary and Sanctions Panel. 

b. Once the Institute's Disciplinary and Sanctions Panel has been instructed, the Member may be suspended at the discretion of the Council until such time as the Institute's Disciplinary and Sanctions Panel has completed their investigation and reported on their hearing. During any such period of suspension the Member may not make any reference to membership or use the Institute's membership logo on any documents, website, or email or refer to membership verbally except to rectify any issues which led to the Institute's Disciplinary and Sanctions Panel being instructed.

6. Complaints

a. Complaints against any Member by a member of the public shall be dealt with in accordance with the Institute's Alternative Dispute Resolution procedures in force at the time that the transaction which is the subject of the complaint took place and Members shall be bound by the outcome of the process once it has commenced.

b. Complaints against any Member by another Member shall be made in writing to the Chairman. Any complaints will be dealt with by the Council who may form a committee to consider evidence provided to them within time constraints stated by them. If a complaint is upheld, disciplinary action shall be as outlined in clause 5 of this Constitution.  If any complaint is made against a Member who is also a member of the Council, that Member shall take no part in such proceedings.

c. Complaints against the Chairman shall be made in writing to the Vice Chairman who shall follow the procedure outlined in clause 6b above.


7. Code of Practice

a. The Institute is a Code Sponsor of a Code of Practice (the 'Code') as may be altered from time to time.

b. Members, of all grades except Affiliate Membership, by virtue of their Membership, agree to abide by the Code.

c. The Council is empowered to enforce the Code and compliance with it.

i.  Members agree to make themselves available for a compliance visit by a representative appointed by the Council. Any compliance visit shall be during normal working hours and shall take place at the business address of the Member.

ii. A minimum of four weeks' notice of a compliance visit shall be given. In the event of the Member being unavailable for such a visit, they shall give the Institute 14 days' notice and an alternative arrangement will be made for a new visit not less than four weeks after the first visit was scheduled.

iii .The costs incurred by the Institute in completing such compliance visits shall be borne by the Institute except; 
 
  1. when a Compliance visit has been re arranged following a cancellation by the Member giving less than 14 days' notice; 

  2. when a Compliance visit has been arranged as a result of a complaint or issue of non-compliance under the Code which has been upheld, in which case the costs incurred shall be borne by the Member.


8. Conduct of business

a. Full Members shall issue employees with an agreement of employment in accordance with statutory regulations.

b. All agents, sub-contractors and franchisees (hereinafter in this clause referred to as 'Agent') operating under the business name of a Full Member shall be provided with a written agreement.

c. The agreement must:

i. Define the terms of remuneration and how it is calculated, when it will be reviewed and when payments will be made.

ii. Provide for it to be terminated by either party and state the circumstances and procedures for it to be terminated.

iii. State the details of any refunds that may be available if the Agent terminates the agreement.

iv. State the ownership of the servicing rights for any clients secured by the Member and, if different, the ownership of the servicing rights for any clients secured by the Agent.

v.  Detail any restrictions relating to competitive activity, both during the agreement and after its termination.

vi. State who is responsible for arranging Professional Indemnity Insurance for the activities of the Agent both during the period of the agreement and after its termination.

vii. State the minimum number of leads that will be provided to the Agent every month.

viii. State that if the stated minimum number of leads is not provided for a period of not less than two consecutive months in the first 12 months, then the Agent shall have the right to cancel the agreement and receive a full refund of any fees paid.

ix. Provide that any refunds made to an Agent, need only be made once the Agent has returned any property and material belonging to the Member to their business address.

d. All payments to Agents shall be made on time.

e. Regular payment or receipt of referral fees shall be subject to a written agreement which must be supplied promptly to the Institute upon request. All instances of any payment or receipt of referral fees (whether regular or not) shall be recorded by the Member and must be supplied promptly to the Institute upon request.

9. Subscriptions 


Members shall pay such subscriptions as may from time to time be determined by the Council and subscriptions shall not be refunded in the event that Membership ceases before renewal is due.

10. The Council 

The business of the Institute shall be conducted by an elected Council.

a. The Council shall consist of:

i. a minimum of four and maximum of nine persons who are a Full or Fellow Member. One position shall be reserved for a Full or Fellow Member practicing under Scottish Law and one for a Full or Fellow Member practicing under the law of England and Wales and

ii. up to two persons who are not Members (of any grade) of the Institute.

iii. no more than two Members working in the same business which provides services covered by the Institute's Code of Practice shall serve on the Council at any one time.

b.Council members shall be elected for a maximum of three years and may stand for re-election.

11. Conduct of the Council

a. A vacancy in the office of a Council member shall automatically occur:

i. on receipt by the Council of a member's written resignation; or

ii. if being a Full or Fellow Member member, on cessation of their Full or Fellow Membership; or

iii. on the expiration of their term of office; or

iv. if they are found guilty of professional misconduct either by the Institute or any other organisation, irrespective of whether or not their Membership is revoked; or

v. if they fail to attend more than three consecutive meetings of the Council.

b. The Council members shall be proposed, seconded and elected by a ballot of the Full, Fellow, Affiliate or Sponsored Members at the Annual General Meeting.

i. Council members shall serve for three years.

ii. Any vacancy, however arising, may be filled by the Council but any person so appointed shall retire at the next Annual General Meeting but shall be eligible for re-election.

c. Council meetings shall be held as and when deemed appropriate by its members and the quorum for meetings shall be four. Council members shall be given not less than seven days oral or written notice of a meeting. Decisions of the Council shall be made by a simple majority and in the event of no majority, the Chairman (or the acting Chairman for that decision) shall have a casting or additional vote. Any Council member with a conflict of interest in the outcome of a decision shall declare they have an interest. In that event that the remaining Council members shall consider requiring those Council member(s) to withdraw from discussion and/or vote on that decision. The Council shall ensure that details surrounding such conflicts are recorded and made available to Members. The Chairman, or in their absence the Vice Chairman, shall cause minutes to be taken.

d. In addition to the Members so elected, the Council may co-opt further Members of the Institute who shall serve until the next Annual General Meeting. Co-opted Members shall not be entitled to vote at the meetings of the Council.

e. The Council may from time to time appoint from among their number such sub-committees as they may consider necessary and may delegate to them such of the powers and duties of the Council as they may determine. All sub-committees shall periodically report their proceedings to the Council and shall conduct their business in accordance with the directions of the Council.

f. The Council shall be responsible for the management of the Institute and shall have the right of appointing and determining the terms and conditions of service of employees of the Institute. The Council shall have the power to enter into contracts for the purposes of the Institute on behalf of the Institute.

g. The members of the Council shall be indemnified by the Members of the Institute against all liabilities properly incurred by them in the management of the affairs of the Institute.

12. Use of Institute Emblems and Nomenclature

a. Full Members will be entitled to use the letters MIPW (or MISPW) after their names on letters written by them and on their business cards and be entitled to display the Institutes' logo along with the term 'Member' on their business stationery.

b. Fellow Members will be entitled to use the letters FIPW (or FISPW) after their names on letters written by them and on their business cards and be entitled to display the Institutes' logo along with the term 'Member' on their business stationery.

c. Affiliate Members will be entitled to use the letters AffIPW (or AffISPW) after their names on letters written by them and on the business cards of the corporate Member, but cannot use the Institute's emblems.

d. Sponsored Members will be entitled to use the letters SIPW (or SISPW) after their names on letters written by them and on their business cards and be entitled to display the Institutes' logo along with the term 'Member' on their business stationery.

e. Qualified Associate Members will be entitled to use the letters AIPW (or AISPW) after their names on letters written by them on behalf of and on the business cards of their Full, Fellow, Affiliate or Sponsored Member, but cannot use the Institute's emblems.

f.
 Student Members, Unqualified Associate Members and Retired Members will not be entitled to use any letters after their name or use the Institute's emblems on their stationery.

g. On cessation of Membership of any level, for whatever reason, an individual must amend any business stationery and marketing material to reflect their change of membership grade. Confirmation of such action shall be made in writing to the Council within 28 days of the date of the cessation of the particular level of Membership.

13. Officers and Honorary Members

a. The officers of the Institute shall be a Chairman and a Vice Chairman who must each be Full or Fellow Member members of the Council.

b. Election of officers shall take place annually at the first Council meeting following the Annual General Meeting. Retiring officers shall be eligible for re-election.

c. All members of the Council shall be eligible to vote in the election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman.

d. A President shall be elected on an annual basis at the Annual General Meeting and shall not be a member of the Council.

e. Vice-Presidents may be elected for up to three years at a General Meeting. The total number of Vice-Presidents shall not exceed three and the majority shall not be members of the Council.  The Vice-Presidents shall perform the duties of the President in the event that the President becomes unable to do so.

f. The President shall be able to appoint a Vice-President in the event that a vacancy arises and such appointment shall end at the next General Meeting.

14. Procedure at General Meetings

a. The Chairman shall send to each Full, Fellow, Affiliate and Sponsored Member written notice of the date of the General Meeting at least 28 days before the meeting, unless the General Meeting has been called by the Council in accordance with Rule 16 in which case the written notice shall be sent as soon as the Council has called the General Meeting. 

b. Not less than 10 days before the meeting, the Chairman shall send to each Full, Fellow, Affiliate and Sponsored Member a written agenda and details of any resolutions received.

c. A member of any level shall be entitled to attend but only Full, Fellow, Affiliate and Sponsored Members shall be entitled to vote. Full, Fellow, Affiliate and Sponsored Members who are not able to attend may appoint a proxy to vote on their behalf, provided that a proxy vote paper has been lodged with the Chairman or the Vice Chairman at least 48 hours prior to the start of the meeting. The proxy need not be a person entitled to vote.

d. The quorum for Annual and Special General Meetings shall be 15% of the Members entitled to attend and vote.

e. The Chairman, or a Council member selected by the Council, shall take the chair. Each Member present shall have one vote and resolutions shall be passed by a simple majority. In the event of equality of votes, the Chairman shall have a casting or additional vote.

f. The Chairman, or in their absence a member of the Council, shall cause minutes to be taken at Annual and Special General Meetings.

15. Annual General Meeting


The Annual General Meeting of the Institute shall be held each year not later than the last day of March to transact the following business:

a. To receive the Chairman's report of the activities of the Institute during the previous year.

b. To receive and consider the accounts of the Institute for the previous year and the Accountant's report on the accounts and a report as to the financial position of the Institute.

c. To remove or elect or reappoint the Accountant and authorise the Council to determine their remuneration.

d. To decide on any resolution which may be duly submitted in accordance with Rule 15(f).

e. Nominations for election of Members to the Council shall be made in writing by the proposer and seconder with confirmation of the nominees' agreement to the Chairman not less than 14 days before the Annual General Meeting. If nominations made before the Meeting are insufficient to make the minimum number of officers allowing for resignations and expirations of terms of office, nominations may be taken from the floor if the proposer, seconder and nominee are all present.

f. Notice of any resolution proposed to be moved at the Annual General Meeting shall be given in writing to the Chairman not less than 14 days before the meeting. Every resolution shall be accompanied by details of proposer and seconder, at least one of whom shall be present at the Annual General Meeting.

16. Special General Meeting 

A Special General Meeting may be called at any time by the Council and for any reason (including to deal with matters reserved only for an Annual General Meeting) and shall be called within 28 days of receipt by the Chairman or the Vice Chairman of a requisition in writing signed by not less than 25% of Full, Fellow, Affiliate and Sponsored Members stating the purpose for which the meeting is required and the resolutions proposed.

17. Alteration of the Constitution 

The Constitution may be altered by resolution at an Annual or Special General Meeting provided that the resolution is carried by at least two-thirds of the Members present and entitled to vote.

18. Bye-Laws 

The Council shall have the power to make, repeal and amend such bye-laws as they may from time to time consider necessary for the wellbeing of the Institute, which bye-laws, repeals and amendments shall have effect until set aside by the Council or at a General Meeting.

19. Finance

a. All money payable to the Institute shall be deposited in a bank account in the name of the Institute. No sum shall be drawn from that account except by cheque or an authority signed by two of the four signatories who shall be the Chairman and three other of their number appointed by the Council from time to time. Any monies not required for immediate use may be invested as the Council in their discretion think fit.

b. The income and property of the Institute shall be applied only in furtherance of the objects of the Institute and no part thereof shall be paid to any Members of the Institute, save as set out in Rule 22(c).

c. The Council shall have power to authorise the payment of remuneration and expenses to any officer, Member or employee of the Institute and to any other person or persons for services rendered to the Institute.

d. The Council shall keep proper accounts of the finances of the Institute.

e. The accounts shall be verified at least once a year by an Accountant or Accountants who shall be appointed at the Annual General Meeting.

f. A verified statement of accounts for the last financial year shall be submitted by the Council at the Annual General Meeting.

20.  Borrowing

a. The Council may borrow money on behalf of the Institute for the purposes of the Institute from time to time at their own discretion, for the general upkeep of the Institute or with the sanction of a General Meeting for any other expenditure, additions or improvements.

b. When so borrowing, the Council shall have power to raise in any way any sum or sums of money in such manner or on such terms and conditions as they think fit, and in particular by mortgage of or charge upon or by the issue of debentures charged upon all or any part of the property of the Institute.

c. The Council shall have no power to pledge the personal liability of any Member of the Institute for the repayment of any sums so borrowed.

d. The Trustees shall make such dispositions of the Institute's property or any part thereof, and enter into and execute such agreements and instruments in relation thereto as the Council may deem proper for giving security for such monies and the interest payable thereon.

21.  Property

a. The property of the Institute, other than cash at the bank, shall be vested in not less than three and not more than four Trustees. They shall hold the property upon Trust for the Members of the Institute.

b. The President and the Vice Presidents shall be Trustees. In the event of a vacancy for a Trustee, the President shall nominate a Member approved by the Council and who shall not be a Council member.

c. The Trustees shall be responsible for approving the provision of services to Members on behalf of the Institute and/or its subsidiaries by Members or their families or by companies or organisations owned and/or controlled by Members or their families. Any person who has an interest of this nature shall take no part in the approval of such a service.

d. The Trustees shall be entitled to an indemnity out of the property of the Institute for all expenses and other liabilities properly incurred by them in the discharge of their duties.

22. Dissolution


a. A resolution to dissolve the Institute shall be proposed only at a Special General Meeting and shall be carried by a majority of three-quarters of the Members present and entitled to vote.

b. The dissolution shall take effect from the date of the resolution and the Members of the Council shall be responsible for the winding-up of the assets and liabilities of the Institute.

c. Any property remaining after the discharge of the debts and liabilities of the Institute shall be divided equally among the Full, Fellow, Affiliate and Sponsored Members of the Institute at the date of dissolution. 

AMENDED MARCH 2022